{"id":3557,"date":"2018-04-07T20:02:15","date_gmt":"2018-04-07T12:02:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/?p=3557"},"modified":"2026-10-05T13:03:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T05:03:20","slug":"indian-standard-8119-specification-copper-brazed-steel-tubing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/vi\/indian-standard-8119-specification-copper-brazed-steel-tubing\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u2013 IS 8119: \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng (copper brazed steel tubing)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

0. L\u1edcI N\u00d3I \u0110\u1ea6U<\/p>\n\n\n\n

0.1 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9  th\u00f4ng qua ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1976, sau khi b\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o do \u1ee6y ban K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh \u1ed0ng, \u1ed0ng th\u00e9p v\u00e0 Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Th\u00e9p ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u00e2n ng\u00e0nh C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 Kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t.
0.2 T\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng phanh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m\/l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. Hy v\u1ecdng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.
0.3 Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 tham kh\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM A254-1970 \u2018Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\u2019 do Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3 (ASTM) ban h\u00e0nh.
0.4 \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (quan s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n theo IS : 2-1960*. S\u1ed1 ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i trong gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. PH\u1ea0M VI \u00c1P D\u1ee4NG<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho hai lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng (copper brazed steel tubes), th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chung, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong ng\u00e0nh \u00f4 t\u00f4, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, \u1ed1ng phanh, \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn d\u1ea7u, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u01b0\u1edfi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, v.v.
2. CUNG C\u1ea4P V\u1eacT LI\u1ec6U 2.1 C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IS : 1387-1967.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. QUY TR\u00ccNH S\u1ea2N XU\u1ea4T
3.1 Th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u1eed nh\u00f4m, th\u00e9p rimming ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p capped v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2 luy\u1ec7n m\u1edf, l\u00f2 \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u00f2 oxy c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.
3.2 \u1ed0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e1n d\u1ea3i th\u00e9p m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh \u1ed1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebfc trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eed.
3.3 \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebfc Lo\u1ea1i 1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf H\u00ecnh 1.
3.4 \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebfc Lo\u1ea1i 2 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf H\u00ecnh 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ccNH
H\u00ccNH 1: \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n Lo\u1ea1i 1, hai l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00e0n 360 \u0111\u1ed9<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"H\u00ccNH
H\u00ccNH 2: \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n Lo\u1ea1i 2, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4. Y\u00caU C\u1ea6U V\u1ec0 TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ea6N H\u00d3A H\u1eccC<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.1 Th\u00e9p khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch theo c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a IS: 228 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1<\/th>Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m, t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
 Carbon<\/td> 0,10<\/td><\/tr>
 Mangan<\/td> 0\u201950<\/td><\/tr>
 Ph\u1ed1t pho<\/td> 0,035<\/td><\/tr>
 L\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh<\/td>0.035<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4.2 M\u1ed7i l\u00f2 luy\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e9p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 4.1. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n  c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua , v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Y\u00caU C\u1ea6U C\u01a0 T\u00cdNH<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5.1 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o \u2014 M\u1eabu th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng (tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i) v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IS : 1894-19727, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/td>290 N\/mm\u00b22<\/sup>, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td><\/tr>
 \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ch\u1ea3y<\/td>N\/mm2<\/sup>, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td><\/tr>
\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i tr\u00ean chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111o l\u00e0 65 mm<\/td>N\/mm2<\/sup>, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

5.2 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u00e9p d\u1eb9t \u2014 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo IS : 2328-1963:. M\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 65 mm, c\u1eaft t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn, khi \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngu\u1ed9i, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p d\u1eb9t gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng song song m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t hay khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt n\u00e0o cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi hai b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac nhau. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1i 2, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb sao cho ch\u1ecbu bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p d\u1eb9t.
5.3 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u2013 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IS : 2335-19635. M\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 50 mm ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c c\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 h\u00ecnh n\u00f3n c\u00f3 g\u00f3c \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 30\u00b0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean 20% m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c, l\u00e0m v\u00eanh m\u00e9p v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ba via. Trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 h\u00ecnh n\u00f3n ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m.
5.4 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m u\u1ed1n \u2014 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IS : 2329-1963*. \u0110o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c u\u1ed1n quanh m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n tr\u1ee5 tr\u00f2n m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c 360\u00b0, v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c 90\u00b0 so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng u\u1ed1n. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh khu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng. M\u1eabu th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb g\u00e3y, n\u1ee9t, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nh\u0103n ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c.
5.5 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eaft u\u1ed1n \u2014 N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft ra v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh ghim k\u1eb9p t\u00f3c (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1eb7t trong), sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t do u\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed7 u\u1ed1n, th\u00ec th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee9t.
5.6 Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y \u2014 100% \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt h\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (xem IS : 4853-19687 v\u00e0 IS : 7343-1974).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. TH\u1eec NGHI\u1ec6M TH\u1ee6Y L\u1ef0C<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6.1 M\u1ed7i \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c trong th\u1eddi gian 5 gi\u00e2y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng n\u00e0o, \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P = 2St\/D<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1edf \u0111\u00e2u<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P = \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng N\/mm\u00b22<\/sup>;
S = \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0;
11O N\/mm? cho Lo\u1ea1i I<\/em>
45 N\/mm\u00b2 cho Lo\u1ea1i II;<\/em>
t = \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng mm; v\u00e0
D = \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng mm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. \u0110\u1ed8 S\u1ea0CH B\u1ec0 M\u1eb6T B\u00caN TRONG<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7.1 Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, \u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1nh, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch b\u00ean trong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7.1.1 Khi r\u1eeda m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng cloroform ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c tricloroetylen ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ph\u00eda trong, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eb7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau khi dung m\u00f4i bay h\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 0.194 g\/m\u00b2 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong.  \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p th\u1eed, \u0111\u1ed5 100 ml dung m\u00f4i qua \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 thu l\u1ea1i. T\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 12,2 m, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch r\u1eeda nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t dung m\u00f4i l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t qua t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1n. L\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i dung m\u00f4i tr\u00ean b\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed3n h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 \u1edf 110\u00b0C cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ebft h\u01a1i dung m\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7.2 \u0110\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y trong v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ecbt k\u00edn hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ecbt k\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. DUNG SAI K\u00cdCH TH\u01af\u1edaC<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8.1 \u1ed0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c sai l\u1ec7ch cho ph\u00e9p v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i<\/strong><\/td><\/td><\/tr>
D\u01b0\u1edbi 4,8 mm<\/td>\u00b10,05 mm<\/td><\/tr>
4,8 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 95 mm (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3)<\/td>\u00b10,08 mm<\/td><\/tr>
Tr\u00ean 9,5 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 15,9 mm (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td> \u00b10,10 mm<\/td><\/tr>
\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/td> <\/td><\/tr>
0,50 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 0,76 mm (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 0,76 mm)<\/td> \u00b10,08 mm<\/td><\/tr>
Tr\u00ean ~0,76 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 1,25 mm (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td> \u00b10,09 mm<\/td><\/tr>
Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i<\/strong><\/td> <\/td><\/tr>
L\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m 0,5 m<\/td> \u00b10,75 mm<\/td><\/tr>
Tr\u00ean 0,5 m \u0111\u1ebfn 1,0 m (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3)<\/td>\u00b11,5 mm<\/td><\/tr>
Tr\u00ean 1,0 m \u0111\u1ebfn 2,0 m (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td> \u00b13,0 mm<\/td><\/tr>
Tr\u00ean 2,0 m \u0111\u1ebfn 3,0 m (bao g\u1ed3m)<\/td>\u00b16,0 mm<\/td><\/tr>
Tr\u00ean 3,0 m<\/td>+25,0 mm
-0,0 mm<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

9. CH\u1ea4T L\u01af\u1ee2NG GIA C\u00d4NG<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9.1 C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch, nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 tr\u00f2n c\u1ea3 b\u00ean trong l\u1eabn b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u1ec9, v\u1ea3y oxit v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10. Y\u00caU C\u1ea6U B\u1ed4 SUNG<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10.1 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m loe \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1i 1 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c loe k\u00e9p t\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00eau trong B\u1ea3ng 1 v\u00e0 B\u1ea3ng 2.  Vi\u1ec7c loe k\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n  tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft vu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u00e1t m\u00e9p, b\u1eb1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y \u00e9p c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, theo hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea7n ph\u00ecnh (xem H\u00ecnh 3A), c\u00f2n \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai, m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (xem H\u00ecnh 3B).
\u1ed0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee9t xuy\u00ean th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n loe. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi l\u1edbp ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5p ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u loe c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng, trong khu v\u1ef1c A (xem H\u00ecnh 3). \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0i t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 3,0 mm v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ngo\u00e0i. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a) Khu v\u1ef1c B (ch\u1ed7 loe, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1eb1m trong g\u00f3c bao 90\u00b0): b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh n\u00f3n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb5n m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 sau khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p.
b) Khu v\u1ef1c C (b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng k\u00e9p b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh loe).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ccNH
H\u00ccNH 3: Ki\u1ec3m tra loe k\u00e9p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Danh ngh\u0129a
B\u00caN NGO\u00c0I
\u0110\u01af\u1edcNG K\u00cdNH<\/td>		\u0110\u01af\u1edcNG K\u00cdNH LOE K\u00c9P, B1<\/sub><\/td>\u0110\u1ed8 D\u00c0I \u0110\u00c3 \u00c9P M\u0168I
C1<\/sub>, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>		\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng
D1<\/sub> , T\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td><\/tr>
 T\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td><\/tr>
 3,18<\/td>5.4<\/td> 5.0<\/td>1<\/td>0.63<\/td><\/tr>
4.76<\/td>7.1<\/td>6.7<\/td>1<\/td>0.71<\/td><\/tr>
6.35<\/td>9.1<\/td>8. 7<\/td>1<\/td>0.88<\/td><\/tr>
 7.94<\/td>10.8<\/td>10.4<\/td>1.6<\/td>0.88<\/td><\/tr>
9.52<\/td>12.7<\/td>12.3<\/td>1.6<\/td> 1,24<\/td><\/tr>
 11.11<\/td>14.5<\/td>14.1<\/td> 1,6<\/td>  1,24<\/td><\/tr>
 12.7<\/td>16.3<\/td>15.9<\/td> 1,6<\/td>  1,24<\/td><\/tr>
 14.29<\/td>18.1<\/td>17.7<\/td> 1,6<\/td>  1,24<\/td><\/tr>
 15.88<\/td>19.6<\/td>19.2<\/td> 1,6<\/td>  1,24<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"H\u00ccNH
H\u00ccNH 4: Loe k\u00e9p g\u00f3c 45 \u0111\u1ed9 cho \u1ed1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Danh ngh\u0129a
B\u00caN NGO\u00c0I
\u0110\u01af\u1edcNG K\u00cdNH<\/strong><\/td>		\u0110\u01af\u1edcNG K\u00cdNH LOE K\u00c9P, B1<\/sub><\/strong><\/td>\u0110\u1ed8 D\u00c0I \u0110\u00c3 \u00c9P M\u0168I
<\/strong>C1<\/sub>, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>		\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng
<\/strong>D1<\/sub> , T\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td><\/tr>
 T\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/td>T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td><\/tr>
 3,18<\/td>5.1<\/td>4.6<\/td>0.8\u00b10.5<\/td>0.63<\/td><\/tr>
4.76<\/td>7.1<\/td>6.6<\/td>0.8\u00b10.5<\/td>0.71<\/td><\/tr>
6.35<\/td>9.1<\/td>8.6<\/td>0.8\u00b10.5<\/td>0.88<\/td><\/tr>
 7.94<\/td>10.9<\/td>10.2<\/td>0.8\u00b10.5<\/td>0.88<\/td><\/tr>
9.52<\/td>12.4<\/td>11.7<\/td>1.0\u00b10.5<\/td> 1,24<\/td><\/tr>
 12.7<\/td>16.7<\/td>16.0<\/td> 1,0 \u00b1 0,5<\/td>  1,24<\/td><\/tr>
 15.88<\/td>20.0<\/td>19.3<\/td> 1,0 \u00b1 0,5<\/td>  1,24<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"H\u00ccNH
H\u00ccNH 5: Loe k\u00e9p g\u00f3c 37 \u0111\u1ed9 cho \u1ed1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

10.2 L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u2013 B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ee3p kim ch\u00ec-thi\u1ebfc nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebdm m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua.  Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 s\u1ebd do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn.
10.3 Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng \u2013 Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eb5n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ba-v\u01a1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

11. \u0110\u00c1NH D\u1ea4U<\/p>\n\n\n\n

11.1 C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin sau \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi r\u00f5 tr\u00ean th\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed9p ch\u1ee9a \u1ed1ng khi xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng:
a) T\u00ean nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a,
b) K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0
c) Lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng.
11.1.1 C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng D\u1ea5u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ISI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

GHI CH\u00da \u2013 Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng D\u1ea5u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ISI ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 (D\u1ea5u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Quy t\u1eafc, Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ban h\u00e0nh theo \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y. D\u1ea5u ISI tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n cam k\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng theo m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m tra, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, do T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 (ISI) thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m mang d\u1ea5u ISI c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ISI ki\u1ec3m tra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ed5 sung. Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng D\u1ea5u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ISI  cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

12. TH\u00d4NG TIN DO B\u00caN MUA CUNG C\u1ea4P<\/p>\n\n\n\n

12.1 B\u00ean mua ph\u1ea3i n\u00eau r\u00f5 trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a) K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u1ed1ng);
b) Lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u;
c) \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u&;
d) l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ngo\u00e0i (n\u1ebfu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u); v\u00e0
e) c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3).<\/p>\n