{"id":4499,"date":"2024-03-24T00:02:18","date_gmt":"2024-03-23T16:02:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/?p=4499"},"modified":"2026-10-05T13:03:19","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T05:03:19","slug":"dbl-4040-tubes-for-brake-and-fuel-systems-mercedes-benz-company-standard-double-walled-wrapped-tubes-made-of-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/vi\/dbl-4040-tubes-for-brake-and-fuel-systems-mercedes-benz-company-standard-double-walled-wrapped-tubes-made-of-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"DBL 4040 \u2013 \u1ed0ng cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phanh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u2013 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty Mercedes-Benz \u2013 \u1ed0ng cu\u1ed9n hai l\u1edbp l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u00e9p"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt DBL n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng phanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng nh\u00f4m d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DBL n\u00e0y.<br>\u1ea4n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y thay th\u1ebf \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y 2013-12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ghi ch\u00fa \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<br>Theo ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n C\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n xe m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft m\u1edbi m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m\/t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ban h\u00e0nh phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y.<br>C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n C\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1jwP_gGs7syihjNjrU9lJHskhPtXvxXZw\/view?usp=drive_link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 xem to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 n\u00e0y.<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1 Ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng phanh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong B\u1ea3ng 1. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 1: C\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, t\u1ed5ng quan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table><thead><tr><th rowspan=\"2\">Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/th><th colspan=\"5\">Lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng: \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p hai l\u1edbp, cu\u1ed9n b\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng phanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/th><\/tr><tr><th colspan=\"4\">l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i<\/th><th>L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong<\/th><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><th>Kim lo\u1ea1i<\/th><th>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<\/th><th>Nh\u1ef1a<\/th><th>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<\/th><th><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: h\u00e0n ch\u00ec ti\u1ebfp theo. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n sau \u0111\u00f3 (DBL 8451.11 ho\u1eb7c 7391)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.10<\/td><td>kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3*<\/td><td><\/td><td>kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3*<\/td><td><\/td><td>kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3*<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.31<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/td><td>\u2265 25 \u00b5m<\/td><td rowspan=\"3\">PA 11<\/td><td>\u2265 120 \u00b5m<\/td><td rowspan=\"12\">kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3*<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.32<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng nh\u00f4m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.33<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/td><td>\u2265 25 \u00b5m<\/td><td>\u2265 80 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.40<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/td><td>\u2265 25 \u00b5m<\/td><td>PVF<\/td><td>\u2265 8 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.41<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/td><td>\u2265 25 \u00b5m<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">PA 12<\/td><td>\u2265 120 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.42<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng nh\u00f4m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.43<\/td><td>L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng ZnAl<\/td><td>\u2265 12 \u00b5m<\/td><td>PVF<\/td><td>\u2265 8 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.45<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng nh\u00f4m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><td rowspan=\"3\">PA 612<\/td><td>\u2265 40 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.46<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/td><td>\u2265 25 \u00b5m<\/td><td>\u2265 120 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.47<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng nh\u00f4m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.48<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/td><td>\u2265 25 \u00b5m<\/td><td>PA 12<\/td><td>\u2265 80 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.49<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/td><td>\u2265 25 \u00b5m<\/td><td>PA 612<\/td><td>\u2265 80 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng: \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp, h\u00e0n d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.50<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/td><td>\u2265 25 \u00b5m<\/td><td>PVF<\/td><td>\u2265 8 \u00b5m<\/td><td rowspan=\"7\">M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n \u2265 3 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.51<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/td><td>\u2265 25 \u00b5m<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">PA 12<\/td><td>\u2265 120 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.52<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng nh\u00f4m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.53<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/td><td>\u2265 25 \u00b5m<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">PA 11<\/td><td>\u2265 120 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.54<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng nh\u00f4m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.56<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/td><td>\u2265 25 \u00b5m<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">PA 612<\/td><td>\u2265 120 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.57<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng nh\u00f4m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><td>\u2265 100 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng: \u1ed1ng nh\u00f4m d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.60<\/td><td rowspan=\"3\">kh\u00f4ng<\/td><td><\/td><td>PA 12<\/td><td>\u2265 120 \u00b5m<\/td><td rowspan=\"3\">kh\u00f4ng<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.61<\/td><td><\/td><td>PA 612<\/td><td>\u2265 120 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.62<\/td><td><\/td><td>PA 11<\/td><td>\u2265 120 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><strong>Lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng: \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1 d\u00f9ng cho khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><em>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.71<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u1ed0ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 h\u00e0n<\/td><td colspan=\"3\">Th\u00e9p 1.4404<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">D\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 khu v\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ea7m xe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.72<\/td><td colspan=\"3\">Th\u00e9p 1.4571<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.73<\/td><td colspan=\"3\">Th\u00e9p 1.4301<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n cao<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.74<\/td><td colspan=\"3\">Th\u00e9p 1.4541<\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"6\"><em>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng phanh<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.80<\/td><td colspan=\"5\">\u1ed1ng CuNiFer c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">*Do l\u00fd do s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9n hai l\u1edbp ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp Cu m\u1ecfng t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng<br>b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ed0ng cu\u1ed9n hai l\u1edbp l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p (PVs.10-.49) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t cao v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn phanh. \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p (PVs.51-.57) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed1ng nh\u00f4m (PVs.60-.62). Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean 130\u00b0C, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed1ng h\u00e0n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 (\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, PVs.71-.74) ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng CuNiFer k\u00e9o li\u1ec1n kh\u1ed1i (\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn phanh, PV.80). C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a DBL n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c l\u1edbp ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n\/l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong B\u1ea3ng 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 2: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 [\u00b0C]<\/th><th>.10<\/th><th>.40, .43, .50<\/th><th>.31-.33, .41, .42, .48, .51-.54<\/th><th>.45, .46, .47, .49, .56, .57<\/th><th>.60, .61, .62<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>T\u1ed1i \u0111a \u2013 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n (15 ph\u00fat)<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>150<\/td><td>160<\/td><td>170<\/td><td>150<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u1ed1i \u0111a \u2013 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>130<\/td><td>130<\/td><td>140<\/td><td>130<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn chu\u1ea9n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn c\u00f3 n\u0103m ban h\u00e0nh, ch\u1ec9 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103m ban h\u00e0nh, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn (bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ASTM B 750 \u2013 H\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m-mischmetal g\u1ed3m k\u1ebdm v\u00e0 5% nh\u00f4m (UNS Z38510) \u1edf d\u1ea1ng th\u1ecfi d\u00f9ng cho l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DBL 8585 Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DIN 74234 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c; \u1ed0ng phanh, ph\u1ea7n loe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DIN EN 10130 S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00e9p c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon th\u1ea5p d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m d\u00f9ng cho gia c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed9i<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DIN EN 10296-2 \u1ed0ng th\u00e9p tr\u00f2n h\u00e0n d\u00f9ng trong c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chung \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n 2: Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DIN EN 12449 \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1ed3ng \u2013 \u1ed0ng tr\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DIN EN 573-3 Nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m \u2013 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m r\u00e8n \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n 3: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DIN EN ISO 1463 L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 oxit \u2013 \u0110o chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u2013 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec3n vi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DIN EN ISO 6892-1 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i \u2013 Th\u1eed k\u00e9o \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n 1: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DIN EN ISO 8492 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i \u2013 \u1ed0ng \u2013 Th\u1eed d\u1eb9t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DIN EN ISO 8493 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i \u2013 \u1ed0ng \u2013 Th\u1eed m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e0y<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DIN EN ISO 9227 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u2013 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MBN 10338 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u2013 K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u1ed1ng m\u1ec1m; \u0110\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng \u2013 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MBN 10375 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i trong nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MBN 10494-6 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed s\u01a1n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MBN 10517 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phanh v\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i nhanh SAE J2044 cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u01a1i\/kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td>A50<\/td><td>K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eabu th\u1eed c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111o l\u00e0 50 mm.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A10<\/td><td>K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eabu th\u1eed c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111o l\u00e0 10 mm.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>PV<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cphi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m\u201d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CASS<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cth\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i axit acetic t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\u201d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>DBL<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cDaimler-Benz-Liefervorschrift\u201d (\u201c\u0110\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 cung c\u1ea5p Daimler-Benz\u201d).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>DIN<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cDeutsches Institut f\u00fcr Normung\u201d (\u201cVi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0110\u1ee9c\u201d).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ISIR<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cb\u00e1o c\u00e1o ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu ban \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EN<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cEurop\u00e4ische Norm\u201d (\u201cTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u\u201d).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ISO<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cInternational Organization for Standardization\u201d.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AHT<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201ckh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean\u201d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CDC<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201ccathodic dip coat\u201d.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MIG<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201ckh\u00ed tr\u01a1 kim lo\u1ea1i\u201d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MB<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cMercedes-Benz\u201d.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>MBN<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cMercedes-Benz Norm\u201d (\u201cTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Mercedes-Benz\u201d).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NfN<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NSS<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cth\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i trung t\u00ednh\u201d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>PA<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cpolyamide\u201d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>PVF<\/td><td>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cpolyvinyl fluoride\u201d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rm<br>Rp0,2<br>SAE<\/td><td>K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<br>K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y quy \u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 0,2 %<br>Vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cSociety of Automotive Engineers\u201d.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SALT<\/td><td>vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cSource Approval Lab Tests\u201d<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chung<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u homologation, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan<br>c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Daimler c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<br>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, quy tr\u00ecnh, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<br>y\u00eau c\u1ea7u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf.<br>Ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 DBL 8585.<br>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 cung \u1ee9ng cho Daimler l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn Chuy\u00ean gia V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t ngu\u1ed3n cung \u1ee9ng cho t\u1eebng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 t\u1eebng c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5 K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u00fat g\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng h\u00e0n m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp: th\u00e9p DIN EN 10130 \u2013 1.0330 (DC01) + DBL4040.50<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6 T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t chung c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giao h\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.1 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6.1.1 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1ed1ng n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u1eebng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong B\u1ea3ng 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 3: V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/th><th>Lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1ed1ng<\/th><th>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>.10 \u0111\u1ebfn .49<\/td><td>\u1ed0ng cu\u1ed9n hai l\u1edbp l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p<\/td><td>theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN 10130<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>.50 \u0111\u1ebfn .57<\/td><td>\u1ed0ng h\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p<\/td><td>theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN 10130<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>.60 \u0111\u1ebfn .62<\/td><td>\u1ed0ng nh\u00f4m<\/td><td>EN AW 3103 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN 573-3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>.71 \u0111\u1ebfn .74<\/td><td>\u1ed0ng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<sup>*<\/sup><\/td><td>theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN 10296-2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>.80<\/td><td>\u1ed0ng CuNifer kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0n, k\u00e9o ngu\u1ed9i<\/td><td>CuNi10Fe1Mn theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN 12449<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">* T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n m\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng g\u1ea7m xe, ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u 1.4404 v\u00e0 1.4571<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6.1.2 \u1ed0ng b\u1ecdc hai l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ea3i th\u00e9p c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c niken tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng hai l\u1edbp trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o cu\u1ed9n, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n c\u1ee9ng (brazed) m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n ph\u1ee5. C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u1ee7 theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. D\u1ea3i th\u00e9p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m 4040.10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6.1.3 \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ea3i th\u00e9p c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n niken tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 (ph\u00f4i r\u1ed7ng) trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o cu\u1ed9n, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ngu\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c tr\u00ean m\u00e1y c\u00e1n gi\u1ea3m k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n. L\u1edbp niken b\u00ean trong \u1ed1ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ea3y ph\u1ee7 k\u00edn m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 niken b\u00ean trong nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 3 \u03bcm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 1 \u03bcm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6.1.4 \u1ed0ng l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, theo quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0n n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb d\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m nh\u1eb5n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3ng b\u00faa ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<br>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho \u1ed1ng; xem th\u00eam Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8.1 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1c th\u00e9p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean \u1ed1ng tr\u00ean xe v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n li\u00ean quan. N\u00f3i chung, c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u1ed1ng l\u00e0m t\u1eeb th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6.1.5 \u1ed0ng nh\u00f4m k\u00e9o ngu\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p \u0111\u00f9n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n porthole l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7 m\u1ec1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u00e9o n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6.1.6 L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng ZnAl<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng ZnAl v\u1edbi PV.43 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM B 750 (kho\u1ea3ng 5% nh\u00f4m).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6.2 C\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t chung c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb5n, s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i quan \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ec v\u1ebft; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0103n m\u00f2n. L\u1edbp m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. D\u1ea5u k\u1eb9p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ph\u00e9p n\u1ebfu v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o dung sai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng h\u00e0n, c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u1edf v\u00f9ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n ph\u00eda trong \u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng, c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 l\u0103n kh\u1ecfi b\u00e0n \u0111o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eang 10\u00b0.<br>N\u1ebfu cung c\u1ea5p \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng laser, m\u00e9p c\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ph\u1eb3ng. Kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n nh\u00f4 ra do c\u1eaft theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i (xem H\u00ecnh 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"190\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-1-Prescribed-cut-edge-both-tube-ends-for-PV-48-and-PV-49.png\" alt=\"H\u00ecnh 1: C\u1ea1nh c\u1eaft quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PV 48 v\u00e0 PV 49\" class=\"wp-image-4732\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-1-Prescribed-cut-edge-both-tube-ends-for-PV-48-and-PV-49.png 800w, https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-1-Prescribed-cut-edge-both-tube-ends-for-PV-48-and-PV-49-300x71.png 300w, https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-1-Prescribed-cut-edge-both-tube-ends-for-PV-48-and-PV-49-768x182.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">H\u00ecnh 1: C\u1ea1nh c\u1eaft quy \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PV 48 v\u00e0 PV 49<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6.3 Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean \u1ed1ng ph\u1ee7 PVF<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan: PV.40, PV.43, PV.50<br>Th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft chung gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<br>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.4 Giao h\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c l\u00f4 giao h\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp theo ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.5 \u0110\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng ty, ng\u00e0y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u2014 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb x\u00f3a khi lau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi. \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng tia UV l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng \u2264 3,4 mm, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf qua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.6 Bao b\u00ec<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 4,75 mm v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 2000 mm, c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p r\u1eddi trong th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tr\u00ean 2000 mm, \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh b\u00f3 g\u1ed3m 50 \u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c b\u00f3 50 \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n b\u1eb1ng t\u00fai m\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p \u2018r\u1eddi\u2019 trong th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn theo \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<br>C\u00e1c l\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn khi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i. C\u00e1c bao b\u00ec ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Daimler ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ghi r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u00ean bao b\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7 Dung sai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.1 Dung sai chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 4 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh dung sai chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Ph\u1ea1m vi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng<\/th><th>Dung sai chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i khi kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng<\/th><th>Dung sai chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i khi x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u2264 500 mm<\/td><td>\u00b1 0,50 mm<\/td><td>\u00b1 0,75 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&gt; 500 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 2000 mm<\/td><td>\u00b1 0,75 mm<\/td><td>\u00b1 1,00 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&gt; 2000 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 5000 mm<\/td><td>\u00b1 1,50 mm<\/td><td>\u00b1 2,00 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&gt; 5000 mm<\/td><td>\u00b1 2,50 mm<\/td><td>\u00b1 2,50 mm<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.2 \u1ed0ng cu\u1ed9n hai l\u1edbp l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 5 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh dung sai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i (c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u1ed1ng k\u00e9p b\u1ecdc xo\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 5: Dung sai \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng k\u00e9p b\u1ecdc xo\u1eafn: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t [mm]<br>Dung sai \u20130,2 [mm]<\/th><th colspan=\"4\">\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng n\u1ec1n [mm]<br>Dung sai \u00b1 0,07 [mm]<\/th><th colspan=\"2\">\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng [mm]<br>Dung sai \u00b1 0,07 [mm]<\/th><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><th>.40, .43<\/th><th>.31, .32, .41, .42, .46, .47<\/th><th>.45<\/th><th>.33, .48, .49<\/th><th><\/th><th><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>3,40<\/td><td>3,20<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3,60<\/td><td>3,40<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4,95<\/td><td>4,75<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>4,47<\/td><td>4,65<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5,25<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>4,75<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6,20<\/td><td>6,00<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>5,67<\/td><td>5,90<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6,50<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>6,00<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8,20<\/td><td>8,00<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>7,90<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td>1,0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8,50<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>8,00<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td>1,0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10,20<\/td><td>10,00<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td>1,0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10,50<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>10,00<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td>1,0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 r\u00e3nh ho\u1eb7c l\u00f5m t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u2265 60 \u00b5m. \u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a l\u00f5m t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o c\u1ea3 \u1edf m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a (l\u00f5m t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ngo\u00e0i, H\u00ecnh 2) l\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1eb7t th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 (l\u00f5m t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, H\u00ecnh 3). \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u00f5m t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n bao quanh l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 \u0111o t\u1edbi v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00f5m t\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n bao quanh \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111o t\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" data-id=\"4758\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-2-Depth-of-the-top-coat-seam-recess-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4758\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-2-Depth-of-the-top-coat-seam-recess-1.png 400w, https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-2-Depth-of-the-top-coat-seam-recess-1-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">H\u00ecnh 2: \u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a r\u00e3nh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"310\" data-id=\"4759\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-3-Measurement-of-the-depth-of-the-seam-recess.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4759\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-3-Measurement-of-the-depth-of-the-seam-recess.png 400w, https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-3-Measurement-of-the-depth-of-the-seam-recess-300x233.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">H\u00ecnh 3: \u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a r\u00e3nh m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.3 \u1ed0ng h\u00e0n m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 6 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c dung sai cho c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng h\u00e0n m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n dung sai \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a 70 \u00b5m. H\u00ecnh 4 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 minh h\u1ecda chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 6: Dung sai \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng h\u00e0n m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter is-style-regular\"><table><thead><tr><th colspan=\"2\">\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t [mm]<br>Dung sai \u2013 0,2 [mm]<\/th><th>\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng n\u1ec1n [mm]<br>Dung sai \u00b1 0,08 [mm]<\/th><th colspan=\"2\">\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng [mm]<\/th><\/tr><tr><th>.50<\/th><th>.51 \u0111\u1ebfn .56<\/th><th><\/th><th>Dung sai \u00b1 0,05 [mm]<\/th><th>Dung sai \u00b1 0,08 [mm]<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>8,20<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">8,00<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">0,7<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">1,0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>8,50<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10,20<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">10,00<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>10,50<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"453\" height=\"394\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-4-Maximum-permissible-weld-joint-reinforcement-and-wall-thickness-in-the-seam-area.png\" alt=\"H\u00ecnh 4: \u0110\u1ed9 gia c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n\" class=\"wp-image-4754\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-4-Maximum-permissible-weld-joint-reinforcement-and-wall-thickness-in-the-seam-area.png 453w, https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-4-Maximum-permissible-weld-joint-reinforcement-and-wall-thickness-in-the-seam-area-300x261.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 453px) 100vw, 453px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">H\u00ecnh 4: \u0110\u1ed9 gia c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.4 \u1ed0ng nh\u00f4m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 7 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c dung sai cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng nh\u00f4m c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 7: Dung sai \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng nh\u00f4m: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t [mm]<\/th><th>Dung sai [mm]<\/th><th>\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng n\u1ec1n [mm]<\/th><th>Dung sai [mm]<\/th><th>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng [mm]<\/th><th>Dung sai [%]<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>4,04<\/td><td rowspan=\"3\">\u00b1 0,07<\/td><td>3,74<\/td><td rowspan=\"3\">\u00b1 0,07<\/td><td>0,85<\/td><td rowspan=\"9\">\u00b1 7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5,04<\/td><td>4,74<\/td><td>1,35<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6,04<\/td><td>5,74<\/td><td>0,85<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8,04<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">\u00b1 0,08<\/td><td>7,74<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">\u00b1 0,08<\/td><td>0,85<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10,04<\/td><td>9,74<\/td><td>0,85<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>12,04<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u00b1 0,09<\/td><td>11,74<\/td><td rowspan=\"4\">\u00b1 0,09<\/td><td>0,85<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>15,04<\/td><td>14,74<\/td><td>0,85<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>16,04<\/td><td>15,74<\/td><td>1,10<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>18,04<\/td><td>17,74<\/td><td>1,10<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.5 \u1ed0ng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 8 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c dung sai \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN 10296-2, B\u1ea3ng A.1 WCR, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i b\u00f3ng. M\u1ed1i h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 8: Dung sai \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i [mm]<\/th><th>Dung sai [mm]<\/th><th>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng [mm]<\/th><th>Dung sai [mm]<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>8,00<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">\u00b1 0,05<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">1,00<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">\u00b1 0,075<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10,00<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7.6 \u1ed0ng CuNifer c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng CuNiFer c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0n, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 dung sai ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN 74234 D.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8 C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p th\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.1 \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kim t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 6 ph\u00e9p \u0111o ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u quanh chu vi \u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u trong B\u1ea3ng 1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed1i \u0111a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 dung sai v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f3 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00eau trong c\u00e1c B\u1ea3ng 5\u20138.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tranh ch\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN ISO 1463. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 PA11\/PA12\/PA612, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi u\u1ed1n loe. Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f2n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 15 \u00b5m k\u1ebdm \/ 25 \u00b5m Al.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.2 Th\u1eed k\u00e9o v\u00e0 th\u1eed n\u1edf b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e0y<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 9 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i giao h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ch\u1ea3y, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i sau khi \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh qua th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 6892-1. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN ISO 8493.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 9: C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n tr\u00ean \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i giao h\u00e0ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/th><th>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y R<sub>p0,2<\/sub>, [MPa]<\/th><th>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o R<sub>m<\/sub>, [MPa]<\/th><th>\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i sau khi \u0111\u1ee9t A<sub>50<\/sub>, [%]<\/th><th>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e0y theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN ISO 8493<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>.10 \u0111\u1ebfn 57<\/td><td>200-400*<\/td><td>\u2265 290<\/td><td>\u2265 14<\/td><td>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e0y \u2265 20 %<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>.60 \u0111\u1ebfn .62<\/td><td>\u2265 90<\/td><td>\u2265 130<\/td><td>\u2265 15 (A<sub>10<\/sub>)<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>.71 \u0111\u1ebfn .74<\/td><td>\u2265 195<\/td><td>\u2265 500<\/td><td>\u2265 35<\/td><td>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e0y \u2265 20 %<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>.80<\/td><td>\u2265 160<\/td><td>\u2265 300<\/td><td>\u2265 25<\/td><td>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e0y \u2265 20 %<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*PV.33, PV.48 v\u00e0 PV.49 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 430 MPa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.3 Th\u1eed \u00e1p l\u1ef1c b\u00ean trong<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00e9p th\u1eed \u00e1p l\u1ef1c b\u00ean trong ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i PV .10 \u0111\u1ebfn .49 (\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f4i) v\u00e0 PV .80 (\u1ed1ng CuNifer c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0n). \u00c1p l\u1ef1c v\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong B\u1ea3ng 10 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 10: \u00c1p su\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c b\u00ean trong<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng n\u1ec1n [mm]<\/th><th>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng [mm]<\/th><th>\u00c1p su\u1ea5t n\u1ed5 [bar]<\/th><th>\u00c1p su\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cho ph\u00e9p*[bar]<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>2,5<\/td><td>0,5<\/td><td>1385<\/td><td>570<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">3,2<\/td><td>0,5<\/td><td>1060<\/td><td>430<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0,7<\/td><td>1530<\/td><td>630<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3,4<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td>1530<\/td><td>630<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4,47 \u0111\u1ebfn 4,75<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td>1100<\/td><td>400<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5,67 \u0111\u1ebfn 6,00<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td>850<\/td><td>315<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">8<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td>675<\/td><td>225<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1,0<\/td><td>825<\/td><td>335<\/td><\/tr><tr><td rowspan=\"2\">10<\/td><td>0,7<\/td><td>550<\/td><td>175<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1,0<\/td><td>645<\/td><td>265<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>12<\/td><td>1,0<\/td><td>440<\/td><td>175<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.4 Th\u1eed kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng loe v\u00e0 th\u1eed u\u1ed1n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u loe ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n MBN 10338, DIN 74 234 v\u00e0 SAE J2044.<br>C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng u\u1ed1n cong v\u1edbi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t theo B\u1ea3ng 11. M\u1ee9c thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 11: B\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cho ph\u00e9p trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i [mm]<\/th><th>B\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t, r tr\u00ean con l\u0103n t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh [mm]<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>3,2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3,4<\/td><td>6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4,47 \u0111\u1ebfn 4,75<\/td><td>12<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5,67 \u0111\u1ebfn 6,00<\/td><td>15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8<\/td><td>20<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10<\/td><td>25<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>12<\/td><td>30<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"734\" height=\"348\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-5-Maximum-change-in-cross-section-after-bending.png\" alt=\"H\u00ecnh 5: \u0110\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u0111a sau khi u\u1ed1n\" class=\"wp-image-4752\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-5-Maximum-change-in-cross-section-after-bending.png 734w, https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-5-Maximum-change-in-cross-section-after-bending-300x142.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 734px) 100vw, 734px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">H\u00ecnh 5: \u0110\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u0111a sau khi u\u1ed1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.5 Th\u1eed c\u1eaft u\u1ed1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ed1n tay th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef U v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n qua l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi g\u00e3y, c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi nhau v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebfc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee9t ra. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng \u2265 8 mm c\u1ee7a PVs .10 \u2013 .49, cho ph\u00e9p xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ebft r\u00e1ch nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebfc, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft r\u00e1ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00fan khi loe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p th\u1eed d\u1eb9t k\u00edn theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN ISO 8492 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebfc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m d\u1eb9t ch\u1eb7t theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN ISO 8492 v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eaft u\u1ed1n:<br>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed 12 gi\u1edd.<br>Sau khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u00e9p d\u1eb9t k\u00edn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u1edf ph\u1ea7n ngo\u00e0i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.6 C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>8.6.1 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i \u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m .31 \u0111\u1ebfn .62, c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n k\u1ebdm theo B\u1ea3ng 12 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e3 u\u1ed1n cong (180\u00b0) th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng k\u1eb9p t\u00f3c (hairpin). B\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb B\u1ea3ng 11 (con l\u0103n t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh). B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh k\u1eb9p t\u00f3c treo l\u01a1 l\u1eedng trong bu\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eb3ng xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp nh\u1ef1a, c\u1ea7n g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n MBN 10517. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n MBN 10494-6 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 U\/2. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau 24 gi\u1edd<br>sau khi l\u1ea5y ra kh\u1ecfi bu\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. G\u00f3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb x\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN 9227.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m .71 \u0111\u1ebfn .80, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng d\u00e0i 300 mm.<br>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 24 gi\u1edd sau khi l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu ra kh\u1ecfi bu\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 12: Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table><thead><tr><th rowspan=\"2\">Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/th><th colspan=\"3\">Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0103n m\u00f2n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n DIN EN ISO 9227<\/th><\/tr><tr><th>Lo\u1ea1i<\/th><th>\u0110o\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n d\u00e0i 300 mm<\/th><th>\u0110o\u1ea1n b\u1ecb tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i 300 mm<\/th><\/tr><tr><th>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/th><th>Lo\u1ea1i<\/th><th colspan=\"2\">\u0110o\u1ea1n d\u00e0i 300 mm, kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1n, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>.30 \u0111\u1ebfn .57<\/td><td>NSS<\/td><td>1000 gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n (RR)<br>480 gi\u1edd \u0103n m\u00f2n Zn\/Al &lt;1 % (WR)<\/td><td>480 gi\u1edd th\u1ea5m U\/2 \u2264 2 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>.60 \u0111\u1ebfn .62<\/td><td>CASS<\/td><td>480 gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n (WR)<\/td><td>Th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ea5m 240 gi\u1edd U\/2 \u2264 2 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>.71 \u0111\u1ebfn .74<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\">NSS<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">1000 gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>.80<\/td><td colspan=\"2\">1000 gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n,<br>\u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1i \u0111a &lt; 10 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>8.6.2 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh b\u1eb1ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n MBN 10375. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n cho m\u1ed7i c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\/m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng), do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 suy ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn n\u00e0o, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb h\u00e0nh vi \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u diesel sang h\u00e0nh vi \u0103n m\u00f2n trong x\u0103ng. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 gia nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.7 \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh sau khi ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a (PV t\u1eeb .30 \u0111\u1ebfn 62), \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh sau khi ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng th\u1eb3ng, ch\u01b0a u\u1ed1n, c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 300 mm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5 chu k\u1ef3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: 1 chu k\u1ef3 g\u1ed3m giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 130\u00b0C trong 4 gi\u1edd (th\u1eddi gian t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 1 gi\u1edd), sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i xu\u1ed1ng 0\u00b0C trong v\u00f2ng 2 gi\u1edd. Th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eef \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf 0\u00b0C l\u00e0 2 gi\u1edd. T\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 9 gi\u1edd, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 45 gi\u1edd.<br>M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: Kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1ch l\u1edbp, ph\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9p ho\u1eb7c bong tr\u00f3c.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"381\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-6-Alternating-temperature-test-5-x-9h-cycle.png\" alt=\"H\u00ecnh 6: Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean, 5 chu k\u1ef3 \u00d7 9 gi\u1edd\" class=\"wp-image-4748\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-6-Alternating-temperature-test-5-x-9h-cycle.png 600w, https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Figure-6-Alternating-temperature-test-5-x-9h-cycle-300x191.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">H\u00ecnh 6: Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean, 5 chu k\u1ef3 \u00d7 9 gi\u1edd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.8 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p th\u1eed quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p (y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u: ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00edn kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t n\u1ed5). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p khi c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c A (b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c): Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean \u1ed1ng ph\u1ee7 PVF (c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m 40, 43, 50)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A.1 \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00b7 T\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t\/chip: khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t do v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1 ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o l\u1edbp PVF, ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 do vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1.<br>\u00b7 V\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc: khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u theo h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<br>\u00b7 R\u00e3nh (v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u): khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 r\u00e3nh h\u00ecnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A.2 Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh c\u00e1c sai l\u1ec7ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed t\u00f3m t\u1eaft trong B\u1ea3ng 13 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung nh\u01b0 sau: l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i; l\u1edbp k\u1ebdm ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 kh\u00e9p k\u00edn; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng ra ngo\u00e0i. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1ed9 ra th\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 13: C\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/th><th>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt<\/th><th>Khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>H\u00ecnh 7:<br>T\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t\/m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1: kho\u1ea3ng 1\u20132 mm<\/td><td><\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>H\u00ecnh 8:<br>C\u00e1c v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i t\u1ed1i \u0111a 5 mm:<br>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebft l\u00f5m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i.<\/td><td><\/td><td>\u1ede khu v\u1ef1c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1):<br>Kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c;<br>X\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1n do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p, v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i quan.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>H\u00ecnh 9:<br>C\u00e1c v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 5 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 10 mm ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb 10 mm \u0111\u1ebfn 20 mm:<br>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebft l\u00f5m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i.<\/td><td>FK 1<\/td><td>C\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u;<br>X\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1n do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p, v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i quan, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>H\u00ecnh 10 v\u00e0 11:<br>C\u00e1c v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 20 mm ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng\/v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u\/r\u00e3nh khuy\u1ebft b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i; l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i (l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf l\u00f3 ra nh\u1eb9).<\/td><td>FK 5<\/td><td>C\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u;<br>Ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u \u2013 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \/ ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c B (b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c): Trang b\u1ed5 sung cho ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u\/BQF<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e1o c\u00e1o ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu ban \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1eedi t\u1edbi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng MB v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u SALT v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t<br>ngu\u1ed3n mua h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin sau trong b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u2013 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (xem B\u1ea3ng<br>14).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 14: B\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/th><th>M\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/th><th>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th><th>Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m BQF<\/th><th>Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ISIR<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Tuy\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/td><td>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau r\u00f5.<\/td><td>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u SALT<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/td><td>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u1eebng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 6.1, B\u1ea3ng 3<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng<\/td><td>C\u00e1c dung sai v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i (c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7) v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7.1\u20136, B\u1ea3ng 5\u20138<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0110\u1ed9 l\u00f5m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n<\/td><td>C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb PVs.30\u201349 v\u1ec1 dung sai \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00f5m m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7.2, H\u00ecnh 2\u20133<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0110\u1ed9 gia c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng<\/td><td>C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb PVs.50\u201359 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7.3, H\u00ecnh 4<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7<\/td><td>C\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u trong B\u1ea3ng 1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8.1, B\u1ea3ng 1<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/td><td>Th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i sau khi g\u00e3y, th\u1eed m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e0y \u00e9p.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8.2, B\u1ea3ng 9<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c b\u00ean trong<\/td><td>Ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u1ee1.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8.3, B\u1ea3ng 10<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng loe v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n<\/td><td>Ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ren loe. Ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n ngang sau khi u\u1ed1n.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8.4, MBN 10338, DIN 234, SAE J2044, B\u1ea3ng 11, H\u00ecnh 5<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Th\u1eed c\u1eaft khi u\u1ed1n<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra t\u00e1ch l\u1edbp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, ho\u1eb7c h\u1edf m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n\/ch\u1ed7 h\u00e0n ch\u00ec sau khi u\u1ed1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi g\u00e3y.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8.5<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n, m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i<\/td><td>C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00e1c nhau ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00f9y theo phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8.6.1, B\u1ea3ng 12, DIN EN ISO 9227 (NSS v\u00e0 CASS)<\/td><td>C+ (\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp)<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0103n m\u00f2n b\u00ean trong<\/td><td>Ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8.6.2, MBN 10374<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>&#8211;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7<\/td><td>5 chu k\u1ef3 \u2013 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra t\u00e1ch l\u1edbp.<\/td><td>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8.7, H\u00ecnh 6<\/td><td>C<\/td><td>C<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c C (th\u00f4ng tin tham kh\u1ea3o): T\u1ed5ng quan c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i NFN<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3ng 15: T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c PV c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i NFN<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/th><th>Lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng<\/th><th colspan=\"2\">b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i<\/th><th>B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong<\/th><th>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/th><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><th><\/th><th>L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kim lo\u1ea1i<\/th><th>L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 nh\u1ef1a<\/th><th><\/th><th><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>4040.20<br>kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi<\/td><td>\u1ed0ng cu\u1ed9n hai l\u1edbp<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n 12\u201315 \u03bcm<\/td><td>kh\u00f4ng<\/td><td>kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3*<\/td><td>\u1ed0ng phanh<br>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t b\u00edch loe \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.30<br>kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi<\/td><td>\u1ed0ng cu\u1ed9n hai l\u1edbp<\/td><td>M\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n \u2265 25 \u03bcm<\/td><td>kh\u00f4ng<\/td><td>kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3*<\/td><td>\u1ed0ng phanh<br>theo PV.20<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4040.70<br>kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi<\/td><td>\u1ed0ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 h\u00e0n<\/td><td>kh\u00f4ng<\/td><td>kh\u00f4ng<\/td><td>kh\u00f4ng<\/td><td>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\" charset=\"utf-8\" src=\"http:\/\/w.sharethis.com\/widget\/?wp=7.1.2\"><\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt DBL n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng phanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng nh\u00f4m d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4499","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4499","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4499"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4499\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4499"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bundytubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}